Introducing equity in EEG research [Step-by-step guide]

EEG research is booming, however equity issues remain. Failing to address equity in EEG research will not only impact underrepresented groups, but science too. Here, we consider some the issues surrounding equity in EEG research and offer potential solutions.

EEG research and its applications

EEG research provides insights into how the brain functions. It is a non-invasive and relatively inexpensive method of brain imaging.

As such, researchers use EEG across the world in multiple disciplines, including medicine and psychology to investigate brain function.

Current equity issues in EEG research

Despite its ubiquity, EEG research, like a lot of neuroscience, suffers from a lack of diversity (Webb et al., 2022). Several factors prevent people from participating in EEG research.

• The cost of equipment can be a barrier to entry. Commercial EEG systems cost upwards of $10,000. This means that institutions that are not focused on EEG research may not invest in the equipment.
• Even if your institution has an EEG system, a lack of trained personnel can stop research in its tracks. Labs need people who can properly operate EEG equipment and interpret the data.
• Finally, participants may be unaware of the benefits of EEG. This can stop people from participating in studies.

Lack of cultural representation in EEG research

Importantly, most EEG studies are conducted on Western populations. This limits the generalizability of their findings.

In fact, many studies use convenience samples (e.g., college students), which are not even representative of a Western population.

Ways to make EEG research more equitable

Creating an inclusive environment is essential to open EEG research. You can achieve this by:

• Ensuring the research process is completely transparent and accessible. This means explaining the context of the study, why the participants are necessary, and what will be done with their data. This contrasts to many studies that provide bare minimum information to participants; enough only to pass the ethics board.
• Ensuring that all members of the research team are committed to promoting equity in the study, not just one or two passionate members!
• Creating an environment in which everyone feels comfortable that they can speak up if they have concerns about equity.

Promoting participation in EEG research

Recruiting participants from underrepresented groups is crucial. You can do this in a number of ways.

• Partner with community organizations and conduct outreach at community events. This is a great way to bring focus to EEG research.
• Ensure that study materials are culturally appropriate and accessible to all.
• Advertise. Good media can reach people who ordinarily do not see EEG research taking place.

Creating accessibility and support

Another way to make EEG research more equitable is to improve accessibility and support throughout the research process. For instance, you could:

• Design studies that can be conducted remotely, using mobile EEG.
• Offer child-care assistance and other forms of support for families who wish to participate in studies but cannot.
• Provide translation and interpretation services for participants who do not speak English.
• Provide transport for those who need it.

By implementing such measures, we can make EEG research more equitable and accessible for everyone.